whatever,whoever,whichever引导名词性从句
一、基本用法概说英语中的-ever 词主要包括 whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however 等，其中可引导名词性从句的主要有 whatever, whoever, whichever等，其中可引导Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。这里所说的名词性从句主要指主语从句和宾语从句，它们通常不用于引导同位语从句，同时也很少用于引导表语从句。如：Whatever he said was right. 无论他说什么都是对的。(引导主语从句)I don’t believe whatever he said. 无论他说什么我都不信。(引导宾语从句)在某些特定的语境中，也可用于引导表语从句。如： 
What he wants to get is whatever you have. 他想得到的是你所拥有的一切。
二、whatever引导的名词性从句whatever的意思是“whatever所……的一切事或东西”，可视为what的强调说法，其含义大致相当于anything that，whatever在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语。如：Do whatever she tells you and you’ll have peace. 她叫你干什么你就干什么，那你就太平了。I don’t believe in letting children do whatever they like. 我不赞成让孩子为所欲为。 
Goats eat whatever food they can find. 山羊找到什么食物就吃什么食物。
三、whoever引导的名词性从句whoever的意思“任何……的人”，在意义上大致相当于 anybody who。whoever在从句中可用作主语或宾语。如：I’ll take whoever wants to go. 谁想去我就带谁去。Whoever says that is a liar. 说那话的人是个骗子。She can marry whoever she chooses. 她愿意嫁谁就嫁谁。I’ll give the ticket to whoever wants it. 谁想要这票，我就把它给谁。Tell whoever you like — it makes no difference to me. 你爱告诉谁就告诉谁吧，对我是无所谓的。注：whoever既用作主语也可用作宾语(作宾语时不宜用whomever，因为在现代英语中whomever已几乎不用)。另外，注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子：谁赢了都可以获奖。PAN>误：Who wins can get a prize.误：Anyone wins can get a prize. 正：Whoever wins can get a prize. 

正：Anyone who wins can get a prize. 

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四、whichever引导的名词性从句man'"whichever的意思“……的那个人或事物”，在意义上大致相当于 the person or the thing that。whichever在从句中可用作主语、宾语或定语。如：You can pick whichever one you like. 你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize. 你们谁第一谁就能得奖。We'll eat at whichever restaurant has a free table. 哪个饭馆有空桌我们就在哪儿吃吧。 
Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking. 我们当中无论哪个先到家，哪个就先开始做饭。
五、引导状语从句的用法五、引导状语从句的用法whatever, whoever, whichever除用于引导的名词性从句外，还可用于引导状语从句，分别相当于 no matter what, no matter who, no matter which。如：I’ll stand by you whatever [=no matter what] happens. 无论如何我都支持你。Whoever [=No matter who] wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I’m busy. 不管谁要我接电话，就说我现在正忙。Whichever [=No matter which] you buy, there is a six-month guarantee. 不管买哪个都有六个月的保修期。                                                           

  1.Asked suddenly about the matter ,he couldn’t an answer at once.
  A. come up with B. look for C. put up with D. answer for
  【解析】come up with“得出答案” look for“寻找” put up with“提出” answer for“负责”根据题意，应该选A.
  【答案】A
  2.My daughter is not sure what to_______ at the university; she can’t make up her
  mind about her future.
  A. take up B. make up C. pick up D. build up
  【解析】句意：我的女儿在大学里不知道学什么，对自己的未来他心里还没有底。take up开始学;开始从事。make up组成，构成;编造;pick up拾起;学到;获得;build up逐步建立;增强。
  【答案】A
  3.His colleagues ______ him though he himself didn’t think he had done anything special.
  A. thought highly of B. looked up to
  C. sing high praise of D. show great respect for
  【解析】think highl y of 固定搭配，译为“对…评价高”符合题意。Show great respect 后应用介词to, C 说法错误，look up to 向上看，不合题意。
  【答案】A
  4.Hard work and lack of sleep have her beauty and youth in recent years.
  A. worn out B.tried out C made out D.sent out
  【解析】worn out耗尽，筋疲力尽; tried out试验, 考验, 提炼 ;make out书写, 填写, 拼凑, 进展, 说明, 设法应付, 理解, 辨认出; sent out发出。
  【答案】A
  5.It’s obvious that the Beijing Olympic Games a great seccess.
  A.kept B.showed C proved D.remained
  【解析】show sb sth 出示某物给某人看;keep保持;prove证明是;符合题意，remain仍然。
  【答案】C

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